What is the meaning of the word "log"?

Definitions:

A part of the trunk or a large branch of a tree that has been cut off. NOUN
- We gathered logs to build a fire for the campsite.
A systemic record of a series of events, activities, or observations. NOUN
- The engineer maintained a detailed log of the machine's performance.
An official record or events, especially one kept on a ship or aircraft. NOUN
- The captain made an entry in the ship's log about the weather conditions.
Measuring instrument that consists of a float that trails from a ship by a knotted line in order to measure the ship's speed through the water. NOUN
- The sailor tossed the log over the side of the ship.
The exponent required to produce a given number, short for logarithm. NOUN
- The log of 8, with base 2, is 3.
To cut down trees and prepare them them as logs. VERB
- They logged the forest to clear space for new construction.
To manage to do or get a particular number of something, especially a large number. VERB
- The company has logged about 550 orders for new aircraft this year.
To record or enter details of events, activities, or observations. VERB
- The scientist logged the temperature changes every hour.
To travel a certain distance or spend a certain amount of time in a specific activity. VERB
- She logged many hours of flight time during her training.