What is the meaning of the word "perturb"?

Definitions:

  1. cause a celestial body to deviate from a theoretically regular orbital motion, especially as a result of interposed or extraordinary gravitational pull copy to clipboard verb
    • The orbits of these stars were perturbed by the passings of a comet copy to clipboard
  2. disturb in mind or make uneasy or cause to be worried or alarmed copy to clipboard verb
    • I was rather perturbed by the news that my father was seriously ill. copy to clipboard
  3. disturb or interfere with the usual path of an electron or atom copy to clipboard verb
    • The electrons were perturbed by the passing ion copy to clipboard
  4. throw into great confusion or disorder copy to clipboard verb
    • Fundamental Islamicists threaten to perturb the social order in Algeria and Egypt copy to clipboard

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